As-Salam: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam & Pendidikan

INTERFAITH CHILD ADOPTION BASED ON DECISION NUMBER 9/PDT.P/2018/PN.BMS: A HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE

Naufal Irsyaad Immaduddien — 2025-06-30

Abstract: This article aims to analyze the phenomenon of interfaith child adoption through Case Number 9/Pdt.P/2018/PN.Bms with a critical perspective on fulfilling the principles of Human Rights (HR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The research employs a normative juridical method focusing on document studies, including legislation, judicial decisions, and related legal documents, to evaluate the justice aspects in cross-religious child adoption cases. Through an in-depth comparison between court decisions, Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and UDHR, the research reveals the complexities of legal and humanitarian issues. The primary finding indicates that regulations requiring child adoption within the same religion potentially nullify fundamental rights guaranteed by human rights instruments. The implications of these restrictions are not merely administrative, but deeply touch the most fundamental human rights, including the right to life, the right to have offspring, the right to justice, and the right to welfare. The research questions the extent to which legal regulations can harmonize positive legal interests with universal humanitarian principles that uphold the dignity of every individual without discrimination. The study concludes that there is a need for a comprehensive review of child adoption regulations that often conflict with human rights protection principles. These rules must be modified to become more humane and inclusive, embracing all parties without discrimination.

Absktrak: Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis fenomena pengangkatan anak beda agama melalui putusan Nomor 9/Pdt.P/2018/PN.Bms dengan perspektif kritis terhadap pemenuhan prinsip-prinsip Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dan Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia (UDHR). Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yang fokus pada studi dokumen, seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, keputusan hakim, dan dokumen hukum terkait, untuk mengevaluasi aspek keadilan dalam kasus pengangkatan anak lintas agama. Melalui komparasi mendalam antara putusan pengadilan, Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM, dan UDHR, penelitian ini mengungkap kerumitan permasalahan hukum dan kemanusiaan. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa regulasi yang mengharuskan pengangkatan anak dalam satu agama berpotensi menggugurkan hak-hak dasar yang dijamin oleh instrumen HAM. Akibat dari pembatasan itu bukan cuma soal administrasi belaka, tapi sampai menyentuh hak-hak dasar kemanusiaan yang paling mendasar, seperti hak untuk hidup, hak melangsungkan keturunan, hak keadilan, dan hak kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini mempertanyakan sejauhmana regulasi mampu menyelaraskan kepentingan hukum positif dengan prinsip-prinsip kemanusiaan universal yang menjunjung tinggi martabat setiap individu tanpa diskriminasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kita perlu meninjau ulang secara menyeluruh aturan soal pengangkatan anak yang sering bertolak belakang dengan prinsip perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Aturan ini harus diubah agar lebih manusiawi dan bisa merangkul semua pihak tanpa membeda-bedakan.

TANTANGAN DALAM PENYELESAIAN EKSEKUSI JAMINAN HAK TANGGUNGAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA

Revita Dwi Wibowo Revita — 2025-06-30

Abstract : This research aims to analyze to find and understand the procedure for executing collateral rights in the Religious Courts and what difficulties an executor faces when executing collateral rights in the Religious Courts. This research uses a qualitative research method with a case study that focuses on the Sukadana Religious Court. This approach is important because it allows us to capture the complexity in the context of the challenges faced in resolving mortgage execution cases and the judge's attitude in accepting and resolving them. The discussion in this research is to explain the Procedure for Completing the Execution of Mortgage Guarantees in Religious Courts, the challenges in Completing the Execution of Mortgage Guarantees in Religious Courts and the Judge's attitude in resolving if there are challenges in Executing Mortgage Guarantees in Religious Courts. The results of this research show that the Sukadana Religious Court has a strong commitment to resolving every case to completion, the right attitude and clear procedures are very important to ensure that the execution of mortgage rights can be carried out fairly and efficiently, providing legal certainty for all parties involved.

Keywords: Challenges; Execution of Mortgage Rights; Religious Courts

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis untuk menemukan dan memahami bagaimana prosedur eksekusi hak jaminan hak tanggungan di Pengadilan Agama dan apa saja kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh seorang eksekutor saat melakukan eksekusi hak jaminan hak tanggungan di Pengadilan Agama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kasus yang berfokus pada Pengadilan Agama Sukadana. Pendekatan ini penting karena memungkinkan untuk menangkap kompleksitas dalam konteks Tantangan yang di hadapi dalam menyelesaikan perkara eksekusi jaminan hak tanggungan serta sikap Hakim dalam menerima dan menyelesaikannya. Pembahasan pada penelitian ini yaitu menjelaskan Prosedur Penyelesaian Eksekusi Jaminan Hak Tanggungan Di Pengadilan Agama, tantangan Dalam Menyelesaikan Eksekusi Jaminan Hak Tanggungan Di Pengadilan Agama dan sikap Hakim dalam menyelesaikan jika adanya tantangan dalam Eksekusi Jaminan Hak Tanggungan di Pengadilan Agama. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pengadilan Agama Sukadana memiliki komitmen kuat untuk menyelesaikan setiap perkara hingga tuntas, sikap yang tepat dan prosedur yang jelas sangat penting untuk memastikan bahwa eksekusi hak tanggungan dapat dijalankan dengan adil dan efisien, memberikan kepastian hukum bagi semua pihak yang terlibat.

Kata Kunci: Tantangan, Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan, Pengadilan Agama

MENELAAH PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI LENSA FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: PEMAHAMAN DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA

Damanhuri Damanhuri — 2025-07-01

Abstract: Learners hold a central position in the educational process and, from the perspective of Islamic educational philosophy, are viewed as active subjects who must be guided according to their innate nature (fitrah). Islamic education aims to develop the learner’s full potential—physically, intellectually, and spiritually—toward the ideal of the insan kamil (perfect human). This study aims to analyze the essence, characteristics, rights and responsibilities, and ethical code of learners within the framework of Islamic educational philosophy, along with its implications in educational practice. The research employs a literature review method by examining books, scholarly articles, and other relevant academic sources. The findings indicate that learners are not merely passive recipients of knowledge, but active participants who are expected to maintain proper conduct, sincere intention, and dedication in their pursuit of learning. A comprehensive understanding of learners’ characteristics and needs enables the implementation of Islamic education to be more effective and holistic, aligning with the core values of Islam.

Keywords: Learner, Islamic Educational Philosophy, Insan Kamil, Holistic Education, Learning Ethics

IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN ANTIKORUPSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN INTEGRITAS SISWA: STUDI KASUS DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN

Septiani Selly Susanti — 2025-07-01

Abstract: Anti-corruption education is one of the important efforts to equip students with a deep understanding of corruption, its negative impacts, and the importance of integrity. Anti-corruption education forms moral character, teaches honest actions, and helps build a generation that plays a role in preventing and reducing the level of corruption in society. The study aimed to determine the implementation of anti-corruption education learning and the supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of student integrity learning. This type of research is a case study with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted at SMK Darul Amal, Metro City, Lampung. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis model used was data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The study's results were to determine the implementation of anti-corruption education learning in determining learning steps, learning objectives using learning methods and media, evaluating learning that had been implemented, and analyzing inhibiting and supporting factors of anti-corruption education teaching to improve student integrity.

Keywords: implementation, learning, anti-corruption education, student integrity.

INTEGRASI NILAI-NILAI SYARIAH DALAM SISTEM KEWARISAN DI ERA MODERN: KAJIAN TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN DAN TANTANGANNYA

Siti Ropiah — 2025-07-02

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the extent to which Shariah values can be integrated into the current inheritance system and the challenges faced in the process, such as differences in interpretation, gender equality, and adaptation to state law. The integration of Shariah values into the modern inheritance system has become a significant issue in efforts to establish a fair and relevant governance of inheritance amidst social change. This study highlights the sustainability aspects of a Shariah-based inheritance system and its challenges, such as legal pluralism, cultural resistance, and the complexity of interpreting religious texts. Gender equality is a central issue in discussions of the modern inheritance system based on Shariah. Although Islamic law provides mechanisms for asset distribution designed to protect women's rights, traditional interpretations are often viewed as insufficient in supporting equality. This challenge calls for the reinterpretation of Islamic inheritance law aligned with the principles of maqasid al-shariah, namely justice, the protection of human rights, and social welfare. Moreover, cultural barriers are a significant factor influencing the sustainability of Islamic inheritance law implementation. In some societies, local customs often conflict with Shariah rules, creating tensions between religious law and cultural practices. In this context, a contextual approach and intercultural dialogue are necessary to create harmony between the two. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach with normative and empirical legal analysis. The findings indicate that the integration of Shariah values contributes to the creation of an inheritance system that is fair, inclusive, and relevant but faces challenges such as cultural resistance, legal pluralism, and the dynamics of Shariah interpretation.

Keywords: Shariah Values, Modern Inheritance, Sustainability, Challenges, Justice

PERAN MENS REA DALAM SISTEM HUKUM: ANALISIS HUBUNGAN DENGAN PRINSIP ETIKA DAN KEADILAN

Humam Balya — 2025-07-02

Abstract: The concept of Mens Rea has been the foundation of criminal law for centuries, yet its relevance in contemporary crime contexts is increasingly questioned. This research aims to critically analyze the limitations and weaknesses of the Mens Rea concept in modern criminal law systems, focusing on evidentiary challenges, inadequacy in collective crimes, and systemic bias. Using normative legal research methods with a conceptual approach, this study analyzes legal literature, court decisions, and contemporary theories of criminal responsibility. The findings reveal that the Mens Rea concept faces three major challenges: difficulty in proving criminal intent that relies on subjective judicial interpretation, inadequacy of individual concepts in handling corporate and collective crimes, and bias favoring perpetrators from higher economic classes. In the digital era and modern crimes such as cybercrime, corporate environmental pollution, and systemic corruption, traditional Mens Rea concepts cannot capture the complexity of motivations and distribution of responsibility. This research recommends criminal law system reform by adopting a hybrid approach that combines considerations of intent, action, and objective impact, as well as developing the concept of "corporate mens rea" and impact-based approaches as alternatives to ensure substantive justice in handling contemporary crimes.

Keywords: Mens Rea, Legal Ethics, Criminal Justice, Criminal Responsibility, Law.

PEMANFAATAN MEDIA VIRTUAL REALITY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SAINS PADA ANAK USIA DINI

Mesa Pramasela — 2025-07-02

Abstract: The use of innovative and interactive learning media is an urgent need in the digital era, especially in early childhood education, to overcome the challenges of understanding science concepts that are often abstract and difficult to understand. Virtual reality (VR) offers an immersive learning experience, providing opportunities to increase student engagement and deepen conceptual understanding. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using VR media in improving understanding of science concepts in early childhood. The research method uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, involving 30 early age group students as samples, which are divided into control and experimental groups. The results of the study showed that students who learned using VR media experienced a significant increase in understanding of science concepts compared to students who used conventional learning methods. VR media has been proven to be able to attract students' attention, increase interaction, and help visualize abstract concepts in a concrete way. The implications of this study indicate that the integration of VR in early childhood learning can be an effective strategy to support more meaningful science learning.

Keywords: Virtual Reality Media; Understanding Science Concepts; Early Childhood

PERSEPSI GENERASI Z TERHADAP PERNIKAHAN DINI: STUDI ANALITIS DALAM KERANGKA MAQASHID SYARIAH

Maimun — 2025-07-03

Abstract: This research explores Generation Z’s perspectives on early marriage through the lens of Maqashid Syariah. The study reveals that most members of Generation Z oppose early marriage, considering it an obstacle to personal growth, education, and economic stability. However, some still view it as a viable option under certain conditions, particularly in relation to economic and cultural influences. From a Maqashid Syariah standpoint, early marriage has diverse implications. Concerning hifz ad-din , it should be approached with adequate mental and spiritual preparedness to avoid potential harm. In terms of hifz an-nafs , the physical and psychological health risks, especially for women, are significant considerations. Regarding hifz al-aql, interrupted education due to early marriage can negatively impact an individual's future prospects. From the hifz an-nasl perspective, insufficient readiness to raise children may affect the well-being of future generations. Lastly, in the aspect of hifz al-mal, financial instability among young couples often results in economic hardship. This study offers crucial insights for policymakers and scholars in developing preventive measures against early marriage in alignment with Maqāṣid Syariah principles. It emphasizes the need to consider not only religious teachings but also the broader socio-economic consequences in decision-making.

Keywords: Generation Z, Early Marriage, Maqāṣid Syariah, Perception, Islamic Law